本节演示如何使用Java来连接RabbitMQ，以此来生产和消费消息。生产者发送一条消息“Hello World！”给RabbitMQ服务器，消费者拿到之后进行消费。

1.1 maven依赖

<dependency>
 <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
 <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
 <version>5.7.1</version>
</dependency>
1.2 生产者代码

package com.hys.rabbitmq;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.MessageProperties;

public class RabbitProducer {

 private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_demo";
 private static final String ROUTING_KEY = "routingkey_demo";
 private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_demo";
 private static final String IP_ADDRESS = "127.0.0.1";
 private static final int PORT = 5672;

 public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
 ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
 factory.setHost(IP_ADDRESS);
 factory.setPort(PORT);
 factory.setUsername("root");
 factory.setPassword("root");
 //创建连接
Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
 //创建信道
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
 //创建一个type="direct"、持久化的、非自动删除的交换器
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "direct", true, false, null);
 //创建一个持久化、非排他的、非自动删除的队列
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
 //将交换器与队列通过路由键绑定
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, ROUTING_KEY);
 //发送一条持久化的消息：hello world！
String message = "Hello World!";
 channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, ROUTING_KEY, MessageProperties.PERSISTENT_TEXT_PLAIN, message.getBytes());
 //关闭资源
channel.close();
 connection.close();
 }
}
运行上述代码后，打开RabbitMQ的管理界面，可以看到消息已经存在RabbitMQ里了：

1.3 消费者代码

package com.hys.rabbitmq;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Address;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Consumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;

public class RabbitConsumer {

 private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_demo";
 private static final String IP_ADDRESS = "127.0.0.1";
 private static final int PORT = 5672;