阅读本文前，建议先阅读Spring之基于注解的声明式事务

15.1、环境搭建

创建名为spring_transaction_xml的新module，过程参考13.1节

15.1.1、配置打包方式和依赖

注意：比起基于注解的声明式事务，基于xml的声明式事务还需要额外引入spring-AOP的依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.rain</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring_transaction_xml</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <dependencies>

        <!-- Spring IOC相关 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring 持久化层相关 -->
        <!-- Spring 在执行持久化层操作、与持久化层技术进行整合过程中，需要使用orm、jdbc、tx三个jar包 -->
        <!-- 导入 orm 包就可以通过 Maven 的依赖传递性把其他两个也导入 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring 测试相关 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring-AOP的依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- junit测试 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- MySQL驱动 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.49</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 数据源 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.31</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

15.1.2、创建jdbc.properties文件

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm?characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

15.1.3、创建Spring的配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 导入外部属性文件 -->
    <cont