# 两个最基本的格式化
string = "asdfasgsdf__{0}__asdf__{0}__adhkg__{1}__".format(123, "smelond")
print(string)  # asdfasgsdf__123__asdf__123__adhkg__smelond__
string = "___{name:s}___{age:d}___{name:s}".format(name="smelond", age=16)
print(string)  # ___smelond___16___smelond

# 一些常用的用法
#   空白处填充*，^字符居中,20个空格，s：字符串形式{:*^20s}
#   +有符号数值,d:十进制{:+d}
#   x 直接转换为16进制
#   #如果后面输入的为x，那就转换为16进制后再前面加上0x{:#x}
string = "_____{:*^20s}_____{:+d}_____{:x}_____{:#x}".format("smelond", 123, 15, 15)
print(string)  # _____******smelond*******_____+123_____f_____0xf

string = "百分比：{:%}".format(1.2345)
print(string)  # 百分比：123.450000%

# 一些常用的用法
tpl = "i am {},age {},{}".format("seven", 16, "smelond")
print(tpl)  # i am seven,age 16,smelond

tpl = "i am {},age {},{}".format(*["seven", 16, "smelond"])
print(tpl)  # i am seven,age 16,smelond,注意，如果是列表要在前面加上*

tpl = "i am {0},age {1}, really {0}".format("seven", 16)
print(tpl)  # i am seven,age 16, really seven

tpl = "i am {0},age {1}, really {0}".format(*["seven", 16])
print(tpl)  # i am seven,age 16, really seven,列表需要加上*

tpl = "i am {name}, age {age}, really {name}".format(name="smelond", age=16)
print(tpl)  # i am smelond, age 16, really smelond

tpl = "i am {name}, age {age}, really {name}".format(**{"name": "smelond", "age": 16})
print(tpl)  # i am smelond, age 16, really smelond,注意，如果是字典需要加上两个*

tpl = "i am {0[0]}, age {0[1]}, really {1[2]}".format([1, 2, 3], [11, 22, 33])
print(tpl)  # i am 1, age 2, really 33,列表里面的列表

tpl = "i am {:s}, age {:d}".format("smelond", 16)
print(tpl)  # i am smelond, age 16

tpl = "i am {name:s}, age {age:d}".format(name="smelond", age=16)
print(tpl)  # i am smelond, age 16

tpl = "i am {name:s}, age {age:d}".format(**{"name": "smelond", "age": 16})
print(tpl)  # i am smelond, age 16,字典需要加上**

tpl = "numbers:{:b},{:o},{:d},{:x},{:X},{:%}".format(15, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15.87612)
print(tpl)  # s:1111,17,15,f,F,1500.000000%

tpl = "numbers:{0:b},{0:o},{0:d},{0:x},{0:X},{0:%}".format(15)
print(tpl)  # s:1111,17,15,f,F,1500.000000%

tpl = "numbers:{num:b},{num:o},{num:d},{num:x},{num:X},{num:%}".format(num=15)
print(tpl)  # s:1111,17,15,f,F,1500.000000%