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原文链接：http://blog.itpub.net/23135684/viewspace-748816/
11gR2 RAC系统的存储数据完全丢失，所有节点的软件都安装在本地磁盘中，本地磁盘保留了OCR的备份，下面讨论通过replace votedisk和restore ocr的方式恢复Clusterware的正常运行：
1.启动CRS到独占模式。 [root@rac1 bin]#./crsctl stop has -f [root@rac1 bin]#./crsctl start crs -excl -nocrs
2.创建用于存储OCR和Votedisk的磁盘组。 [grid@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun Oct 21 22:04:50 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011,
Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP OCR NORMAL REDUNDANCY 2 DISK 'ORCL:OCRVDISK1','ORCL:OCRVDISK2','ORCL:OCRVDISK3';
Diskgroup created.
3.replace votedisk和restore ocr。
根据上面创建的磁盘组，执行以下的replace votedisk和restore ocr操作，收到如下报错：
[root@rac1 bin]#./crsctl replace votedisk +OCR Oracle Cluster Registry initialization failed accessing Oracle Cluster Registry device: PROC-26: Error while accessing the physical storage
[root@rac1 bin]#./ocrconfig -restore /u01/app/grid/11.2.0/cdata/backup00.ocr CRS-4000: Command Replace failed, or completed with errors. PROT-35: The configured Oracle Cluster Registry locations are not accessible
4.重建磁盘组。 DROP 磁盘组，新建磁盘组（增加compatible.asm属性设置）： [grid@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sun Oct 21 22:04:50 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
SQL> drop diskgroup ocrvdisk;
Diskgroup dropped.
SQL> CREATE DISKGROUP OCR NORMAL REDUNDANCY 2 DISK 'ORCL:OCRVDISK1','ORCL:OCRVDISK2','ORCL:OCRVDISK3' 3 ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.asm'='11.2.0.0.0';
Diskgroup created.
[root@rac2 bin]# ./crsctl replace votedisk +OCR Oracle Cluster Registry initialization failed accessing Oracle Cluster Registry device: PROC-26: Error while accessing the physical storage
正确的顺序应该是先restore ocr，然后再replace votedisk。
[root@rac2 bin]# ./ocrconfig -restore /u01/app/grid/11.2.0/cdata/backup00.ocr [root@rac2 bin]# ./crsctl replace votedisk +OCR Successful addition of voting disk 640c1dbe94ed4fe6bffe70b8ea7544b9. Successful addition of voting disk 6f45ec9c09c24fb7bf02bed03de2b8a4. Successful addition of voting disk a5a2c30e82f14fe9bfe23029864912cc. Successfully replaced voting disk group with +OCR. CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced
注意以上加红加粗两点，votedisk和ocr就可以得到顺利的恢复。
5.配置ASM参数文件。
完成以上操作之后，asm spfile并没有被创建。
[root@rac2 bin]# ./crsctl stop has -f ......
CRS-4133: Oracle High Availability Services has been stopped. [root@rac2 bin]# ./crsctl start has CRS-4123: Oracle High Availability Services has been started. [root@rac2 bin]# su - grid [grid@rac2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Nov 8 23:49:28 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
SQL> show parameter spfile
NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ spfile string
执行以下的步骤手动创建ASM SPFILE文件：
1).创建ASM PFILE文件：
[root@rac2 ~]# vi /tmp/asm_pfile.txt 加入如下参数 |