SQL>; alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
（注意，这里必须用resetlogs,否则会错误的
SQL>; alter database open noresetlogs;
alter database open noresetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/redo01.log'
SQL>;
Resetlogs其实就是根据控制文件让系统自动重新生成redo,如果noresetlog的话，就不会重新生成redo,缺少了文件，db自然无法启动）
SQL>; host ls /T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/redo*
/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/redo01.log /T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/redo02.log /T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/redo03.log
SQL>;
检验
SQL>; select * from test.test;

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SQL>;
数据一点儿都没有丢失

结论：
如果数据库是正常关闭的，用recover database until cancel可以轻松恢复或者说重新建立所有的redo，不再区分是否是当前日志，而且由于正常关闭，不会丢失任何数据，唯一可能丢失的情况就是如果日志还没有归档
这种恢复方法 由于要resetlogs,所以在恢复完成后，日志清零，以前的备份不再起作用，所以建议立即备份
SQL>; archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /T3/ORACLE/arch
Oldest online log sequence 0
Next log sequence to archive 1
Current log sequence 1
SQL>;

实验三：通过重新生成控制文件来恢复redo
前面的都一样，只是处理方法不一样
SQL>; startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 353862792 bytes
Fixed Size 730248 bytes
Variable Size 285212672 bytes
Database Buffers 67108864 bytes
Redo Buffers 811008 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/redo01.log'

SQL>; alter database backup controlfile to trace;

Database altered.

SQL>; shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: database not open

Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>;
2、 修改一下刚才生成的那个文件
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "ORA9" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
-- SET STANDBY TO MAXIMIZE PERFORMANCE
MAXLOGFILES 50
MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
MAXDATAFILES 100
MAXINSTANCES 1
MAXLOGHISTORY 226
LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/redo01.log' SIZE 100M,
GROUP 2 '/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/redo02.log' SIZE 100M,
GROUP 3 '/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/redo03.log' SIZE 100M
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
'/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/system01.dbf',
'/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/undotbs01.dbf',
'/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/cwmlite01.dbf',
'/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/drsys01.dbf',
'/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/example01.dbf',
'/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/indx01.dbf',
'/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/odm01.dbf',
'/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/tools01.dbf',
'/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/users01.dbf',
'/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/xdb01.dbf',
'/T3/ORACLE/oradata/ORA9/test01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;
另存为一个脚本，运行他
SQL>; @clone.sql
Control file created.
SQL>; alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
SQL>;
搞定……………

结论：这种方法的关键是重新创建控制文件，后面的步骤和前面的道理一样的

前面的三种方法都是假设db是正常关闭的，数据已经写入数据库文件中，所以不会由数据存在redo种，所以clear的话也不会有数据丢失

方法四：修改系统参数方法
1、 插入数据
SQL>; select * from test;

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SQL>; insert into test values(5);

1 row created.