这里的大版本是指版本号的第2位数字，比如4.2.7.3升级到4.3.3.1，从4.2升级到4.3，会出现无法启动问题，提示catalog版本不兼容。
而如果只是在第2位数字之内的相同版本的升级没有此类问题；最前面的那个版本数字号由于目前还没有出现对应版本，所以没有相关问题。
[gpadmin@gtlions60 ~]$ gpstart -a
20141019:12:40:51:004622 gpstart:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting gpstart with args: -a
20141019:12:40:51:004622 gpstart:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Gathering information and validating the environment...
20141019:12:40:52:004622 gpstart:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Binary Version: 'postgres (Greenplum Database) 4.3.3.1 build 1'
20141019:12:40:52:004622 gpstart:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Greenplum Catalog Version: '201310150'
20141019:12:40:52:004622 gpstart:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-MASTER_DIRECTORY Catalog Version: '201109210'
20141019:12:40:52:004622 gpstart:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Catalog Version of master directory incompatible with binaries
20141019:12:40:52:004622 gpstart:gtlions60:gpadmin-[ERROR]:-gpstart error: Catalog Versions are incompatible
解决版本是使用gpmigrator对
数据库做个迁移升级操作（catalog）：
[gpadmin@gtlions60 ~]$ gpmigrator /usr/local/greenplum-db-4.2.7.3 /usr/local/greenplum-db-4.3.3.1
20141019:12:44:13:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Beginning upgrade
20141019:12:44:13:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking configuration
20141019:12:44:14:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-gpmigrator version 4.3.3.1 build 1
20141019:12:44:14:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Python version 2.6.2 final 0
20141019:12:44:14:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Operating System: Linux 2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64
20141019:12:44:14:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking version compatibility
20141019:12:44:14:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Source Version: (Greenplum Database) 4.2.7.3 build 1
20141019:12:44:14:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Target Version: (Greenplum Database) 4.3.3.1 build 1
20141019:12:44:14:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Source Catalog version number: 201109210
20141019:12:44:14:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Target Catalog version number: 201310150
20141019:12:44:14:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Data Catalog version number: 201109210
20141019:12:44:14:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Versions are compatible
20141019:12:44:14:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Postmaster not running
20141019:12:44:14:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Starting old Greenplum postmaster
20141019:12:44:21:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Extracting configuration information
20141019:12:44:22:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking that all segments are valid
20141019:12:44:22:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Creating list of databases
20141019:12:44:22:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Checking gpmigrator user
20141019:12:44:22:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Validating hosts
20141019:12:44:22:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Validating indexes
20141019:12:44:22:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]:-Validating database encoding
20141019:12:44:22:004635 gpmigrator:gtlions60:gpadmin-[INFO]: