创建veth pair

[root@localhost ~]# ip link add type veth
[root@localhost ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:6d:53:62 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.111.135/24 brd 192.168.111.255 scope global noprefixroute ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe6d:5362/64 scope link noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default 
    link/ether 02:42:dc:1b:b2:1e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::42:dcff:fe1b:b21e/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
16: veth0@veth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether e6:c1:94:d2:dc:de brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
17: veth1@veth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,M-DOWN> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 2e:99:b0:9c:c2:23 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

可以看到，此时系统中新增了一对veth pair，将veth0和veth1两个虚拟网卡连接了起来，此时这对 veth pair 处于”未启用“状态。

实现Network Namespace间通信

下面我们利用veth pair实现两个不同的 Network Namespace 之间的通信。刚才我们已经创建了一个名为ns0的 Network Namespace，下面再创建一个信息Network Namespace，命名为ns1

[root@localhost ~]# ip netns add ns1
[root@localhost ~]# ip netns list
ns1
ns0
[root@localhost ~]# ip netns exec ns1 ip link set lo up		//开启ns1的lo网卡

然后我们将veth0加入到ns0，将veth1加入到ns1

[root@localhost ~]# ip link set veth0 netns ns0
[root@localhost ~]# ip link set veth1 netns ns1

//ns0
[root@localhost ~]# ip netns exec ns0 ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
16: veth0@if17: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether e6:c1:94:d2:dc:de brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netns ns1

//ns1
[root@localhost ~]# ip netns exec ns1 ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
17: veth1@if16: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 2e:99:b0:9c:c2:23 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff link-netns ns0

然后我们分别为这对veth pair配置上ip地址，并启用它们

[root@localhost ~]# ip netns exec ns0 ip link set veth0 up
[root@localhost ~]# ip netns exec ns0 ip addr add 10.0.0.1/24 dev veth0
[root@localhost ~]# ip netns exec ns1 ip link set veth1 up
[root@localhost ~]# ip netns exec ns1 ip addr add 10.0.0.2/24 dev veth1

查看这对veth pair的状态