启停脚本

hbase 启动与停止脚本都在hbase安装包bin目录下。

启动HBase集群：
```
 bin/start-hbase.sh
```
停止集群：
```
 bin/stop-hbase.sh
```
启动HMaster进程：
```
 bin/hbase-daemon.sh start master
```
停止HMaster进程：
```
bin/hbase-daemon.sh stop master
```
启动HRegionServer进程：
```
bin/hbase-daemon.sh start regionserver
```
停止HRegionServer进程：
```
bin/hbase-daemon.sh stop regionserver
```

shell 命令

启动Hbase shell：

bin/hbase shell

[hadoop@master hbase-1.2.6]$ ./bin/hbase shell 
hbase(main):001:0>

hbase shell 命令的帮助可以通过help查看

hbase>help  #查看帮助
hbase>help 'command' #查看具体命令的帮助

下面介绍一些常见的命令：

命名空间：
Hbase命名空间可以对比理解为关系型数据库中的database。
创建namespace:

hbase(main):032:0> create_namespace 'ns_test'
0 row(s) in 0.1090 seconds

查看namespace

hbase(main):034:0> describe_namespace 'ns_test'
DESCRIPTION                                                                                          
{NAME => 'ns_test'}                                                                                  
1 row(s) in 0.0160 seconds

查看所有namespace

hbase(main):042:0> list_namespace 'ns'
NAMESPACE                                                                                            
ns2                                                                                                  
ns_test                                                                                              
2 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds

查看namespace下的表

hbase(main):047:0> list_namespace_tables 'ns_test'
TABLE                                                                                                
0 row(s) in 0.0260 seconds

表相关：
创建表

hbase(main):017:0* create 'ns_test:t1', {NAME=>'f1'}, {NAME=>'f2'}
0 row(s) in 2.3050 seconds

=> Hbase::Table - ns_test:t1

修改表

# 表t1增加列族f3
hbase(main):035:0> alter 'ns_test:t1' , 'f3'
Updating all regions with the new schema...
0/1 regions updated.
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 3.0650 seconds

# 表t1删除列族f4
hbase(main):065:0>  alter 'ns_test:t1', NAME => 'f4',METHOD => 'delete'
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 2.2440 seconds

disable表

hbase(main):021:0* disable 'ns_test:t1'
0 row(s) in 2.3210 seconds

enable表

hbase(main):025:0> enable 'ns_test:t1'
0 row(s) in 1.3030 seconds

判断表是否存在

hbase(main):028:0> exists 'ns_test:t1'
Table ns_test:t1 does exist                                                                          
0 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds

查看表相关信息

hbase(main):071:0> describe 'ns_test:t1'
Table ns_test:t1 is ENABLED                                                                          
ns_test:t1                                                                                           
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION                                                                          
{NAME => 'f1', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FA
LSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BL
OCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}                                  
{NAME => 'f2', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FA
LSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BL
OCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}                                  
{NAME => 'f3', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FA
LSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BL
OCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}                                  
3 row(s) in 0.0340 seconds

查看所有表

hbase(main):087:0* list
TABLE                                                                                                
ns2:t1                                                                                               
ns2:t2                                                                                               
ns_test:t1                                                                                           
3 row(s) in 0.0060 seconds

=> ["ns2:t1", "ns2:t2", "ns_test:t1"]

删除表（只有disable后的表才能被删除）

hbase(main):096:0> drop 'ns_test:t1'
0 row(s) in 1.2760 seconds

表数据操作：
添加数据

hbase(main):101:0> put 'ns_test:t1', '0001', 'f1:name', 'bob'
0 row(s) in 0.1650 seconds

全表扫描

hbase(main):105:0> scan 'ns_test:t1'
ROW                        COLUMN+CELL                                                               
 0001                      column=f1:age, timestamp=1532252491211, value=30                          
 0001                      column=f1:name, timestamp=1532252499881, value=bob                        
1 row(s) in 0.0460 seconds

获取某一行数据

# 获取一行的所有数据
hbase(main):001:0> get 'ns_test:t1', '0001'
COLUMN                     CELL                                                                      
 f1:age                    timestamp=1532252491211, value=30                                         
 f1:name                   timestamp=1532252499881, value=bob                                        
2 row(s) in 0.3190 seconds

#获取一行某个列限定符的数据
hbase(main):014:0* get 'ns_test:t1', '0001', 'f1:age'
COLUMN                     CELL                                                                      
 f1:age                    timestamp=1532252491211, value=30                                         
1 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds

删除一个cell的数据

hbase(main):002:0> delete 'ns_test:t1', '0001', 'f1:age'
0 row(s) in 0.2380 seconds

获取表的行数

hbase(main):006:0> count 'ns_test:t1'
1 row(s) in 0.0590 seconds

=> 1

清空表数据

hbase(main):013:0* truncate 'ns_test:t1'
Truncating 'ns_test:t1' table (it may take a while):
 - Disabling table...
 - Truncating table...
0 row(s) in 3.8720 seconds

hbase(main):026:0> scan 'ns_test:t1'
ROW                        COLUMN+CELL                                                               
0 row(s) in 0.1380 seconds

总结

该文总结了Hbase启停脚本与常见shell命令的使用。


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