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C++ Operator Precedence
The following table lists the precedence(优先) and associativity(结合性) of C++ operators. Operators are listed top to bottom, in descending(下降的) precedence.
| Precedence |
Operator |
Description |
Associativity |
| 1 |
:: |
Scope resolution |
Left-to-right |
| 2 |
a++ a-- |
Suffix/postfix increment and decrement |
type() type{} |
Functional cast |
a() |
Function call |
a[] |
Subscript |
. -> |
Member access |
| 3 |
++a --a |
Prefix increment and decrement |
Right-to-left |
+a -a |
Unary plus and minus |
! ~ |
Logical NOT and bitwise NOT |
(type) |
C-style cast |
*a |
Indirection (dereference) |
&a |
Address-of |
sizeof |
Size-of[note 1] |
new new[] |
Dynamic memory allocation |
delete delete[] |
Dynamic memory deallocation |
| 4 |
.* ->* |
Pointer-to-member |
Left-to-right |
| 5 |
a*b a/b a%b |
Multiplication(乘法), division, and remainder |
| 6 |
a+b a-b |
Addition and subtraction |
| 7 |
<< >> |
Bitwise left shift and right shift |
| 8 |
< <= |
For relational operators < and ≤ respectively |
> >= |
For relational operators > and ≥ respectively |
| 9 |
== != |
For relational operators = and ≠ respectively |
| 10 |
a&b |
Bitwise AND |
| 11 |
^ |
Bitwise XOR (exclusive or) |
| 12 |
| |
Bitwise OR (inclusive or) |
| 13 |
&& |
Logical AND |
| 14 |
|| |
Logical OR |
| 15 |
a?b:c |
Ternary conditional[note 2] |
Right-to-left |
throw |
throw operator |
= |
Direct assignment (provided by default for C++ classes) |
+= -= |
Compound assignment by sum and difference |
*= /= %= |
Compound assignment by product, quotient, and remainder |
<<= >>= |
Compound assignment by bitwise(按位) left shift and right shift |
&= ^= |= |
Compound assignment by bitwise AND, XOR, and OR |
| 16 |
, |
Comma |
Left-to-right |
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