ROS版本:  Kinetic

2.新建一个WorkSpace
$ mkdir catkin_ws
$ cd ./catkin_ws
$ mkdir src

3.设定src为工作空间,在src目录下：
$ catkin_init_workspace

切记，Python 中一定要安装catkin_pkg模块
pip install catkin_pkg
或
pip3 install catkin_pkg

安装一些依赖项：
sudo apt install autotools-dev ccache doxygen dh-autoreconf git liblapack-dev libblas-dev libgtest-dev libreadline-dev libssh2-1-dev pylint clang-format-3.8
python-autopep8 python-catkin-tools python-pip python-git python-setuptools python-termcolor python-wstool --yes

5.下载ORB_SLAM2源码：
git clone https://github.com/raulmur/ORB_SLAM2.git ORB_SLAM2

6.将ORB_SLAM2文件移入catkin_ws/src下
$ sudo mv ORB_SLAM2 ./catkin_ws/src

7.安装ORB_SLAM2，Ranul Mur-Artal大神的github(https://github.com/raulmur/ORB_SLAM2)中写的很清楚了
cd ORB_SLAM2
chmod +x build.sh
./build.sh

8.编译安装ROS版的ORB_SLAM2,在ORB_SLAM2目录下：
chmod +x build_ros.sh
./build_ros.sh

此时就开始有坑了，可能会出现一下错误：
CMake Error at /opt/ros/kinetic/share/ros/core/rosbuild/public.cmake:129 (message):

  Failed to invoke rospack to get compile flags for package 'ORB_SLAM2'.
  Look above for errors from rospack itself.  Aborting.  Please fix the
  broken dependency!

Call Stack (most recent call first):
  /opt/ros/kinetic/share/ros/core/rosbuild/public.cmake:207 (rosbuild_invoke_rospack)
  CMakeLists.txt:4 (rosbuild_init)
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!

此时记得在 ~/.bashrc末尾添加：
export ROS_PACKAGE_PATH=${ROS_PACKAGE_PATH}:PATH/ORB_SLAM2/Examples/ROS

  其中PATH是自己的工作空间路径(/home/(user名)/catkin_ws/src)，然后记得:
$ source ~/.bashrc

还没解决的话，使用以下命令：
$ sudo rosdep fix-permissions
$ rosdep update

然后继续编译，可能又会出现一个坑，心累～：
MakeFiles/Makefile2:718: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/Mono.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Mono.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
make[2]: *** No rule to make target '/opt/ros/kinetic/lib/libopencv_calib3d3.so.3.2.0', needed by '../RGBD'. Stop.
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:67: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/RGBD.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/RGBD.dir/all] Error 2
make[2]: *** No rule to make target '/opt/ros/kinetic/lib/libopencv_calib3d3.so.3.2.0', needed by '../Stereo'. Stop.
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:104: recipe for target 'CMakeFiles/Stereo.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Stereo.dir/all] Error 2

解决办法：修改ORB_SLAM2/Examples/ROS/ORB_SLAM2中CMakelists.txt,在set那里添加-lboost_system:

set(LIBS
${OpenCV_LIBS}
${EIGEN3_LIBS}
${Pangolin_LIBRARIES}
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../../Thirdparty/DBoW2/lib/libDBoW2.so
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../../Thirdparty/g2o/lib/libg2o.so
${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../../lib/libORB_SLAM2.so
-lboost_system
)

然后在编译，就能够成功了.

如果要在ROS下利用自己的摄像头跑ORB_SLAM2,那麽还需要安装usb_cam

下载链接（https://github.com/ros-drivers/usb_cam），下载下来，一样的移到src下

或这在src下利用git命令   

git clone https://github.com/bosch-ros-pkg/usb_cam.git

编译usb_cam：
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ cmake ..
$ make

打开摄像头，需要启动ros，在两个不同的终端分别执行以下命令：
$ roscore
$ roslaunch usb_cam usb_cam-test.launch