1.Connect Andriod device to your Linux ***.

2.Use "lsusb".
Use lsusb to check the Android device ID in usb subsystem, like below (do not care "$"):
$ lsusb
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0fce:6156 Sony Ericsson Mobile
Number "0fce" is the Andriod device ID in use subsystem.

3.Update adb tool.
Turn to Android sdk folder "tools", typein below words:
$./android adb update
it's neccesary step to create ~/.android/adb_usb.ini.

4. Edit adb_usb.ini .
Edit ~/.android/adb_usb.ini. Add usb subsystem ID to adb_usb.ini, like below:

0x0fec

5.Create udev rule file.
Create a new file named "sony-android.rules" in /etc/udev/rules.d folder.

Add below content to "sony-android.rules"
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", SYSFS{idVendor}=="0fec", MODE="0666"
idVendor USB Vendor IDs, reference: http://developer.android.com/tools/device.html

chmod rule file:

sudo chmod a+rx /etc/udev/rules.d/sony-android.rules

6.Restart udev service.
Do as below to restart udev service:
$ sudo service udev restart

7.Restart adb service.
Do as below to restart adb service.
$ adb kill-server
$ adb start-server

8.Try "adb devices".

Plug out Adnroid device, then, Plug in again, use "adb devices" to check your Andriod device.