下面就是需要作的几个步骤
1）sudo apt-get install libqt4-dev
安装完这个包后，你就可以写Qt程序了。libqt4-dev会自动把下面相关的一些qt4包安装上，例如：
libqt4-assistant libqt4-dbus libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-opengl libqt4-opengl-dev libqt4-qt3support libqt4-script libqt4-scripttools libqt4-sql libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-svg libqt4-test libqt4-webkit libqt4-xml libqt4-xmlpatterns libqtcore4 libqtgui4
2) sudo apt-get install g++ automake
这俩个包并不属于qt包，但是编译Qt的c++编译器需要安装，在g++包里。Qt有自己的编译系统，automake并不是必须的，但有时候需要编译一些第三方的库，所以一般推荐安装上。
3) sudo apt-get install qt4-dev-tools qt4-designer qt4-doc
qt4-dev-tools包含了一些开发用到辅助工具，如帮助系统工具assitant,翻译辅助工具linguist,d-bus查看器,Pixel Tool等。
qt4-designer则会安装GUI设计工具designer
qt4-doc qt4的帮助文件
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下面是一些选装的安装包
4) sudo apt-get install libqt4-opengl-dev
Qt4 OpenGL 相关的开发库文件
5) sudo apt-get install libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-sql-odbc libqt4-sql-psql libqt4-sql-sqlite libqt4-sql-sqlite2
开发数据库所要的一些插件驱动，可选取自己需要的包安装
5.1) sudo install libiodbc2-dev libmysqlclient15-dev libsqlite3-dev
对应步骤5)中的数据库所需的开发库文件
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你可能还需要的内容 appendix
a1) sudo aptitude search qt4
这个命令会让你查到和qt4相关的其它内容，比如调试用的符号表文件，pyqt,perlqt等，搜索结果如下
p ffado-mixer-qt4 – FFADO D-Bus mixer applets (QT4)
p ibus-qt4 – New input method framework using dbus
p libavahi-qt4-1 – Avahi Qt 4 integration library
p libavahi-qt4-dev – Development headers for the Avahi Qt 4 inte
p libpoppler-qt4-3 – PDF rendering library (Qt 4 based shared li
p libpoppler-qt4-dev – PDF rendering library — development files
p libqt4-assistant – Qt 4 assistant module
p libqt4-core – transitional package for Qt 4 core non-GUI
p libqt4-dbg – Qt 4 library debugging symbols
p libqt4-dbus – Qt 4 D-Bus module
p libqt4-designer – Qt 4 designer module
p libqt4-dev – Qt 4 development files
p libqt4-dev-dbg – Qt 4 development files debugging symbols
p libqt4-gui – transitional package for Qt 4 GUI runtime l
p libqt4-help – Qt 4 help module
p libqt4-network – Qt 4 network module
p libqt4-opengl – Qt 4 OpenGL module
p libqt4-opengl-dev – Qt 4 OpenGL library development files
p libqt4-qt3support – Qt 3 compatibility library for Qt 4
p libqt4-ruby – ruby bindings for the Qt4 GUI library
p libqt4-ruby1.8 – Qt 4 bindings for Ruby
p libqt4-ruby1.8-dev – Qt 4 bindings for Ruby – development files
p libqt4-ruby1.8-examples – Qt 4 bindings for Ruby – example files
p libqt4-script – Qt 4 script module
p libqt4-scripttools – Qt 4 script tools module
p libqt4-sql – Qt 4 SQL module
p libqt4-sql-mysql – Qt 4 MySQL database driver
p libqt4-sql-odbc – Qt 4 ODBC database driver
p libqt4-sql-psql – Qt 4 PostgreSQL database driver
p libqt4-sql-sqlite – Qt 4 SQLite 3 database driver
p libqt4-sql-sqlite2 – Qt 4 SQLite 2 database driver
p libqt4-svg – Qt 4 SVG module
p libqt4-test