与传统的鼠标相比，Microsoft IntelliMouse的特点是在两个键之间多了一个小滑轮。您可以按下这个滑轮，这时它的功能相当于鼠标按键的中键；或者您也可以用食指来转动它，这会产生一条特殊的消息，叫做WM_MOUSEWHEEL。使用鼠标滑轮的程序通过滚动或放大文件来响应此消息。它最初听起来像一个不必要的隐藏机关，但我必须承认，我很快就习惯于使用鼠标滑轮来滚动Microsoft Word和Microsoft Internet Explorer了。
我不想讨论鼠标滑轮的所有使用方法。实际上，我只是想告诉您如何在现有的程序（例如程序SYSMETS4）中添加鼠标滑轮处理程序，以便在显示区域中卷动数据。最终的SYSMETS程序如程序7-8所示。
程序7-8 SYSMETS4
SYSMETS.C /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------- SYSMETS.C -- Final System Metrics Display Program (c) Charles Petzold, 1998 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ #include <windows.h> #include "sysmets.h" LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ; int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow) { static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("SysMets") ; HWND hwnd ; MSG msg ; WNDCLASS wndclass ; wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ; wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc ; wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0 ; wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0 ; wndclass.hInstance = hInstance ; wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ; wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ; wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ; wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL ; wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ; if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass)) { MessageBox ( NULL, TEXT ("Program requires Windows NT!"), szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ; return 0 ; } hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName, TEXT ("Get System Metrics"), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VSCROLL | WS_HSCROLL, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL) ; ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ; UpdateWindow (hwnd) ; while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) { TranslateMessage (&msg) ; DispatchMessage (&msg) ; } return msg.wParam ; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam) { static int cxChar, cxCaps, cyChar, cxClient, cyClient, iMaxWidth ; static int iDeltaPerLine, iAccumDelta ; // for mouse wheel logic HDC hdc ; int i, x, y, iVertPos, iHorzPos, iPaintBeg, iPaintEnd ; PAINTSTRUCT ps ; SCROLLINFO si ; TCHAR szBuffer[10] ; TEXTMETRIC tm ; ULONG ulScrollLines ; // for mouse wheel logic switch (message) { case WM_CREATE: hdc = GetDC (hwnd) ; GetTextMetrics (hdc, &tm) ; cxChar = tm.tmAveCharWidth ; cxCaps = (tm.tmPitchAndFamily & 1 3 : 2) * cxChar / 2 ; cyChar = tm.tmHeight + tm.tmExternalLeading ; ReleaseDC (hwnd, hdc) ; // Save the width of the three columns iMaxWidth = 40 * cxChar + 22 * cxCaps ; // Fall through for mouse wheel information case WM_SETTINGCHANGE: SystemParametersInfo (SPI_GETWHEELSCROLLLINES, 0, &ulScrollLines, 0) ; // ulScrollLines usually equals 3 or 0 (for no scrolling) // WHEEL_DELTA equals 120, so iDeltaPerLine will be 40 if (ulScrollLines) iDeltaPerLine = WHEEL_DELTA / ulScrollLines ; else iDeltaPerLine = 0 ; return 0 ; case WM_SIZE: cxClient = LOWORD (lParam) ; cyClient = HIWORD (lParam) ; // Set vertical scroll bar range and page size si.cbSize = sizeof (si) ; si.fMask = SIF_RANGE | SIF_PAGE ; si.nMin = 0 ; si.nMax = NUMLINES - 1 ; si.nPage = cyClient / cyChar ; SetScrollInfo (hwnd, SB_VERT, &si, TRUE) ; // Set horizontal scroll bar range and page size si.cbSize = sizeof (si) ; si.fMask = SIF_RANGE | SIF_PAGE ; si.nMin = 0 ; si.nMax = 2 + iMaxWidth / cxChar ; si.nPage = cxClient / cxChar ; SetScrollInfo (hwnd, SB_HORZ, &si, TRUE) ; return 0 ; case WM_VSCROLL: // Get all the vertical scroll bar information si.cbSize = sizeof (si) ; si.fMask = SIF_ALL ; GetScrollInfo (hwnd, SB_VERT, &si) ; // Save the position for comparison later on iVertPos = si.nPos ; switch (LOWORD (wParam)) { case SB_TOP: si.nPos = si.nMin ; break ; case SB_BOTTOM: si.nPos = si.nMax ; break ; case SB_LINEUP: si.nPos -= 1 ; break ; case SB_LINEDOWN: si.nPos += 1 ; break ; case SB_PAGEUP: si.nPos -= si.nPage ; break ; case SB_PAGEDOWN: si.nPos += si.nPage ; break ; case SB_THUMBTRACK: si.nPos = si.nTrackPos ; break ; default: break ; } // Set the position and then retrieve it. Due to adjustments // by Windows it may not be the same as the value set. si.fMask = SIF_POS ; SetScrollInfo (hwnd, SB_VERT, &si, TRUE) ; GetScrollInfo (hwnd, SB_VERT, &si) ; // If the position has changed, scroll the window and update it if (si.nPos != iVertPos) { ScrollWindow (hwnd, 0, cyChar * (iVertPos - si.nPos), NULL, NULL) ; UpdateWindow (hwnd) ; } return 0 ; case WM_HSCROLL: // Get all the vertical scroll bar information si.cbSize = sizeof (si) ; si.fMask = SIF_ALL ; // Save the position for comparison later on GetScrollInfo (hwnd, SB_HORZ, &si) ; iHorzPos = si.nPos ; switch (LOWORD (wParam)) { case SB_LINELEFT: si.nPos -= 1 ; break ; case SB_LINERIGHT: si.nPos += 1 ; break ; case SB_PAGELEFT: si.nPos -= si.nPage ; break ; case SB_PAGERIGHT: si.nPos += si.nPage ; break ; case SB_THUMBPOSITION: si.nPos = si.nTrackPos ; break ; default: break ; } // Set the position and then retrieve it. Due to adjustments // by Windows it may not be the same as the value set. si.fMask = SIF_POS ; SetScrollInfo (hwnd, SB_HORZ, &si, TRUE) ; GetScrollInfo (hwnd, SB_HORZ, &si) ; // If the position has changed, scroll the window if (si.nPos != iHorzPos) { ScrollWindow (hwnd, cxChar * (iHorzPos - si.nPos), 0, NULL, NULL) ; } return 0 ; case WM_KEYDOWN : switch (wParam) { case VK_HOME : SendMessage (hwnd, WM_VSCROLL, SB_TOP, 0) ; break ; case VK_END : SendMessage (hwnd, WM_VSCROLL, SB_BOTTOM, 0) ; break ; case VK_PRIOR : SendMessage (hwnd, WM_VSCROLL, SB_PAGEUP, 0) ; break ; case VK_NEXT : SendMessage (hwnd, WM_VSCROLL, SB_PAGEDOWN, 0) ; break ; case VK_UP : SendMessage (hwnd, WM_VSCROLL, SB_LINEUP, 0) ; break ; case VK_DOWN : SendMessage (hwnd, WM_VSCROLL, SB_LINEDOWN, 0) ; break ; case VK_LEFT : SendMessage (hwnd, WM_HSCROLL, SB_PAGEUP, 0) ; break ; case VK_RIGHT : SendMessage (hwnd, WM_HSCROLL, SB_PAGEDOWN, 0) ; break ; } return 0 ; case WM_MOUSEWHEEL: if (iDeltaPerLine == 0) break ; iAccumDelta += (short) HIWORD (wParam) ; // 120 or -120 while (iAccumDelta >= iDeltaPerLine) { SendMessage (hwnd, WM_VSCROLL, SB_LINEUP, 0) ; iAccumDelta -= iDeltaPerLine ; } while (iAccumDelta <= -iDeltaPerLine) { SendMessage (hwnd, WM_VSCROLL, SB_LINEDOWN, 0) ; iAccumDelta += iDeltaPerLine ; } return 0 ; case WM_PAINT : hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ; // Get vertical scroll bar position si.cbSize = sizeof (si) ; si.fMask = SIF_POS ; GetScrollInfo (hwnd, SB_VERT, &si) ; iVertPos = si.nPos ; // Get horizontal scroll bar position GetScrollInfo (hwnd, SB_HORZ, &si) ; iHorzPos = si.nPos ; // Find painting limits iPaintBeg = max (0, iVertPos + ps.rcPaint.top / cyChar) ; iPaintEnd = min (NUMLINES - 1, iVertPos + ps.rcPaint.bottom / cyChar) ; for (i = iPaintBeg ; i <= iPaintEnd ; i++) { x = cxChar * (1 - iHorzPos) ; y = cyChar * (i - iVertPos) ; TextOut ( hdc, x, y, sysmetrics[i].szLabel, lstrlen (sysmetrics[i].szLabel)) ; TextOut ( hdc, x + 22 * cxCaps, y, sysmetrics[i].szDesc, lstrlen (sysmetrics[i].szDesc)) ; SetTextAlign (hdc, TA_RIGHT | TA_TOP) ; TextOut ( hdc, x + 22 * cxCaps + 40 * cxChar, y, szBuffer, wsprintf (szBuffer, TEXT ("%5d"), GetSystemMetrics (sysmetrics[i].iIndex))) ; SetTextAlign (hdc, TA_LEFT | TA_TOP) ; } EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ; return 0 ; case WM_DESTROY : PostQuitMessage (0) ; return 0 ; } return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ; }