SQLServer 数据库镜像（一）单服务器无见证的镜像脚本配置

SQLServer 数据库镜像（二）域环境中完整镜像脚本配置

断断续续弄了几天，搭建好了域，服务器加入域后现在测试这种情况。

测试环境：

<??http://www.2cto.com/kf/ware/vc/" target="_blank" class="keylink">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"brush:sql;">-- 主体：设置数据库“恢复模式”为“完整”模式 USE master; ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET RECOVERY FULL GO -- 主体：备份数据库 USE master; BACKUP DATABASE [DBName] TO DISK = 'C:\Databases\MSSQLSERVER\DBName.BAK' WITH INIT,FORMAT GO -- 镜像：还原数据库(NORECOVERY) USE master; RESTORE DATABASE [DBName] FROM DISK = N'C:\Databases\MSSQLSERVER\DBName.BAK' WITH FILE = 1, MOVE N'DBName' TO N'C:\Databases\MSSQLSERVERA\DBName.mdf', MOVE N'DBName_log' TO N'C:\Databases\MSSQLSERVERA\DBName_log.ldf', NOUNLOAD, NORECOVERY, STATS = 10 GO
【2. 创建数据库主密钥和证书，备份交换证书】

--	主体：
USE master;

CREATE MASTER KEY ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'kk_2012@';

CREATE CERTIFICATE Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserver 
WITH SUBJECT = 'Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserver',
START_DATE = '2015-03-20';

BACKUP CERTIFICATE Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserver 
TO FILE = 'C:\Databases\CERTIFICATE\Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserver.cer';

--	镜像：
USE master;

CREATE MASTER KEY ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'kk_2012@';

CREATE CERTIFICATE Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserverA 
WITH SUBJECT = 'Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserverA',
START_DATE = '2015-03-20';

BACKUP CERTIFICATE Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserverA 
TO FILE = 'C:\Databases\CERTIFICATE\Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserverA.cer';

--	见证：
USE master;

CREATE MASTER KEY ENCRYPTION BY PASSWORD = 'kk_2012@';

CREATE CERTIFICATE Cert_kk_db2_mssqlserver 
WITH SUBJECT = 'Cert_kk_db2_mssqlserver',
START_DATE = '2015-03-20';

BACKUP CERTIFICATE Cert_kk_db2_mssqlserver 
TO FILE = 'C:\Databases\CERTIFICATE\Cert_kk_db2_mssqlserver.cer';


--	交换证书(相互拷贝证书):
/*
主体证书(拷贝到)――――>镜像、见证
镜像证书(拷贝到)――――>主体、见证
见证证书(拷贝到)――――>主体、镜像
*/

--	创建域用户：UserForMirror
--	SQLServer 使用 [network service] 启动实例服务

--	主体(还原 镜像和见证 的证书)：
USE master
GO
CREATE LOGIN [KK\UserForMirror] FROM WINDOWS;
GO
CREATE USER UserForMirror FOR LOGIN [KK\UserForMirror];
GO
CREATE CERTIFICATE [Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserverA]
AUTHORIZATION [UserForMirror] 
FROM FILE = 'C:\Databases\CERTIFICATE\Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserverA.cer';
GO
GRANT CONNECT ON ENDPOINT::Endpoint_For_Mirror TO [KK\UserForMirror];
GO
CREATE CERTIFICATE [Cert_kk_db2_mssqlserver]
AUTHORIZATION [UserForMirror] 
FROM FILE = 'C:\Databases\CERTIFICATE\Cert_kk_db2_mssqlserver.cer';
GO
GRANT CONNECT ON ENDPOINT::Endpoint_For_Mirror TO [KK\UserForMirror];
GO

--	镜像(还原 主体和见证 的证书)：
USE master
GO
CREATE LOGIN [KK\UserForMirror] FROM WINDOWS;
GO
CREATE USER UserForMirror FOR LOGIN [KK\UserForMirror];
GO
CREATE CERTIFICATE [Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserver]
AUTHORIZATION [UserForMirror] 
FROM FILE = 'C:\Databases\CERTIFICATE\Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserver.cer';
GO
GRANT CONNECT ON ENDPOINT::Endpoint_For_Mirror TO [KK\UserForMirror];
GO
CREATE CERTIFICATE [Cert_kk_db2_mssqlserver]
AUTHORIZATION [UserForMirror] 
FROM FILE = 'C:\Databases\CERTIFICATE\Cert_kk_db2_mssqlserver.cer';
GO
GRANT CONNECT ON ENDPOINT::Endpoint_For_Mirror TO [KK\UserForMirror];
GO

--	见证(还原 主体和镜像 的证书)：
USE master
GO
CREATE LOGIN [KK\UserForMirror] FROM WINDOWS;
GO
CREATE USER UserForMirror FOR LOGIN [KK\UserForMirror];
GO
CREATE CERTIFICATE [Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserver]
AUTHORIZATION [UserForMirror] 
FROM FILE = 'C:\Databases\CERTIFICATE\Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserver.cer';
GO
GRANT CONNECT ON ENDPOINT::Endpoint_For_Mirror TO [KK\UserForMirror];
GO
CREATE CERTIFICATE [Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserverA]
AUTHORIZATION [UserForMirror] 
FROM FILE = 'C:\Databases\CERTIFICATE\Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserverA.cer';
GO
GRANT CONNECT ON ENDPOINT::Endpoint_For_Mirror TO [KK\UserForMirror];
GO

--	主体：(域账户：KK\UserForMirror,UTHENTICATION = CERTIFICATE 证书)
USE master;
CREATE ENDPOINT [Endpoint_For_Mirror] 
	AUTHORIZATION [KK\UserForMirror]
	STATE=STARTED
	AS TCP (LISTENER_PORT = 5022, LISTENER_IP = ALL)
	FOR DATA_MIRRORING 
	(ROLE = PARTNER, AUTHENTICATION = CERTIFICATE Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserver, ENCRYPTION = REQUIRED ALGORITHM AES)
GO

--	镜像(主体镜像同一服务器，端口不一样：LISTENER_PORT = 5023)：
USE master;
CREATE ENDPOINT [Endpoint_For_Mirror] 
	AUTHORIZATION [KK\UserForMirror]
	STATE=STARTED
	AS TCP (LISTENER_PORT = 5023, LISTENER_IP = ALL)
	FOR DATA_MIRRORING 
	(ROLE = PARTNER, AUTHENTICATION = CERTIFICATE Cert_kk_db1_mssqlserverA, ENCRYPTION = REQUIRED ALGORITHM AES)
GO

--	见证(ROLE = WITNESS)：
USE master;
CREATE ENDPOINT [Endpoint_For_Mirror] 
	AUTHORIZATION [KK\UserForMirror]
	STATE=STARTED
	AS TCP (LISTENER_PORT = 5022, LISTENER_IP = ALL)
	FOR DATA_MIRRORING 
	(ROLE = WITNESS, AUTHENTICATION = CERTIFICATE Cert_kk_db2_mssqlserver, ENCRYPTION = REQUIRED ALGORITHM AES)
GO

--	注意执行顺序:镜像――>主体――>见证

--	镜像:(PARTNER为主体服务器)
USE master;
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET PARTNER = 'TCP://192.168.2.10:5022'
GO

--	主体:(PARTNER为镜像服务器)
USE master;
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET PARTNER = 'TCP://192.168.2.10:5023'
GO

--	主体:(WITNESS为见证服务器)
USE master;
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET WITNESS = 'TCP://192.168.2.11:5022';
GO

【6. 创建数据库镜像监视器作业】

--在主备执行
use msdb;  
exec sys.sp_dbmmonitoraddmonitoring  
--exec sys.sp_dbmmonitorhelpmonitoring  
--exec sys.sp_dbmmonitorresults DBName,0,0  
--exec sys.sp_dbmmonitorchangemonitoring  
--exec sys.sp_dbmmonitordropmonitoring  

【7. 测试】

--	主体：随意更改，等下切换后是否已同步
USE DBName;  
SELECT * FROM [dbo].[MyTable]
  
UPDATE [dbo].[MyTable] SET NAME = 'master'  
DELETE TOP(1) FROM [dbo].[MyTable]  
  
  
--	主体：手动方式进行主备切换  
USE [master]  
GO  
ALTER DATABASE DBName SET PARTNER FAILOVER;
GO  

当原来主体的服务启动后，发现它变为了“镜像”。（此时也可以把它切换回主体）

【7. 相关脚本】

select * from sys.certificates
select * from sys.endpoints
select * from sys.database_mirroring_endpoints
select * from sys.database_mirroring 
select * from sys.database_mirroring_witnesses 

USE master; 
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET SAFETY FULL;		--设置为高安全模式 
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET PARTNER RESUME;		--恢复镜像
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET PARTNER FAILOVER;	--切换主备
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET PARTNER FORCE_SERVICE_ALLOW_DATA_LOSS;	--强制恢复镜像
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET ONLINE;		--在线数据库

/*以上可能出现的问题：

【问题】开始镜像时出现的问题（注：上面的脚本是正确的，这里为错误案例）：
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET PARTNER = 'TCP://192.168.1.10:5023'

提示错误如下：
消息 1418，级别 16，状态 1，第 2 行
服务器网络地址 "TCP://192.168.1.10:5023" 无法访问或不存在。
请检查网络地址名称，并检查本地和远程端点的端口是否正常运行。

【问题】发现IP弄错了，把192.168.1.10改为192.168.2.10再执行：
USE master;
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET PARTNER = 'TCP://192.168.2.10:5022'
GO

提示错误如下：
已为数据库镜像启用数据库 "DBName"。

【解决】停止镜像，重新连接
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET PARTNER OFF;
GO
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET PARTNER = 'TCP://192.168.2.10:5022'
GO


【问题】链接镜像时又错误：（ip 和 端口都能连接到）
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET WITNESS = 'TCP://192.168.2.11:5022'

提示错误如下：
消息 1456，级别 16，状态 3，第 1 行
无法将 ALTER DATABASE 命令发送到远程服务器实例 'TCP://192.168.2.11:5022'。
数据库镜像配置未更改。请确保该服务器已连接，然后重试。

【解决】AUTHENTICATION当时为Windows授权，改为证书
CREATE ENDPOINT [Endpoint_For_Mirror] 
……
 AUTHENTICATION = CERTIFICATE 
*/