建表及插入数据语句：

mysql> create table salary(userid int,salary decimal(9,2));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
mysql> insert into salary values(1,1000),(2,2000),(3,3000),(4,4000),(5,5000),(1,
null);
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.13 sec)
Records: 6 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

1.if(value,t,f)函数:这里认为高于2000就是'high',其他都是low

mysql> select if(salary>2000,'high','low') from salary;
+------------------------------+
| if(salary>2000,'high','low') |
+------------------------------+
| low |
| low |
| high |
| high |
| high |
| low |
+------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2.ifnull(value1,value2)函数:这个函数可以用来将NULL值换成0

mysql> select ifnull(salary,0) from salary;
+------------------+
| ifnull(salary,0) |
+------------------+
| 1000.00 |
| 2000.00 |
| 3000.00 |
| 4000.00 |
| 5000.00 |
| 0.00 |
+------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3.case when [value1] then [result]...else [default] end函数:

mysql> select case when salary<=2000 then 'low' else 'high' end from salary;
+---------------------------------------------------+
| case when salary<=2000 then 'low' else 'high' end |
+---------------------------------------------------+
| low |
| low |
| high |
| high |
| high |
| high |
+---------------------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4.case [expr] when [value1] then [result] ... else [default] end函数:

mysql> select case salary when 1000 then 'low' when 2000 then 'mid' else 'high'e
nd from salary;
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| case salary when 1000 then 'low' when 2000 then 'mid' else 'high'end |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| low |
| mid |
| high |
| high |
| high |
| high |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.02 sec)

5.关于mysql存储引擎的一些东西:

存储引擎是mysql不同于其他数据库的一个重要特性，用户可以根据实际需要利用这个特性定制自己的存储引擎.

mysql的引擎有:

mysql> show engines \G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Engine: MyISAM
Support: YES
Comment: Default engine as of MySQL 3.23 with great performance
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Engine: MEMORY
Support: YES
Comment: Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables
*************************** 3. row ***************************
Engine: InnoDB
Support: DEFAULT
Comment: Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys
*************************** 4. row ***************************
Engine: BerkeleyDB
Support: NO
Comment: Supports transactions and page-level locking
*************************** 5. row ***************************
Engine: BLACKHOLE
Support: NO
Comment: /dev/null storage engine (anything you write to it disappears)
*************************** 6. row ***************************
Engine: EXAMPLE
Support: NO
Comment: Example storage engine
*************************** 7. row ***************************
Engine: ARCHIVE
Support: YES
Comment: Archive storage engine
*************************** 8. row ***************************
Engine: CSV
Support: NO
Comment: CSV storage engine
*************************** 9. row ***************************
Engine: ndbcluster
Support: NO
Comment: Clustered, fault-tolerant, memory-based tables
*************************** 10. row ***************************
Engine: FEDERATED
Support: NO
Comment: Federated MySQL storage engine
*************************** 11. row ***************************
Engine: MRG_MYISAM
Support: YES
Comment: Collection of identical MyISAM tables
*************************** 12. row *************