公司一台测试环境的基于linux 平台下 oracle 11.2.0.3 的
数据库，为开归档，未备份。 21号晚上，因/目录下 空间使用%100，oracle HOME目录在系统 / 目录下：
因硬盘资源占尽，不能连接操作，oracle 数据库挂起。
某人的操作,查看undotbs1 占用最大，通过mv 移动到 另一目录，同时系统被重启，使得undotbs1 数据文件损坏，不能使用，最后又做了一个rm 操作， 重启库，导致故障出现！
报错一：
Wed Jan 22 09:42:50 2014 ALTER DATABASE OPEN Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/gtadata13/gtadata13/trace/gtadata13_dbw0_4245.trc: ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 3: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/undotbs01.dbf' ORA-27047: unable to read the header block of file Linux-x86_64 Error: 25: Inappropriate ioctl for device Additional information: 1 Wed Jan 22 09:42:52 2014 Checker run found 1 new persistent data failures Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/gtadata13/gtadata13/trace/gtadata13_ora_4361.trc: ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 3: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/undotbs01.dbf' ORA-1157 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...
--- 就是oracle 在mount后，不能加载到open 状态。
2 接下来操作： 因为undo tablespace 数据文件undotbs1 没有了，想通过重建一个undo 表空间 undotbs2 把数据库启动到open 状态
操作：
SQL> show parameter undo NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ undo_management string AUTO undo_retention integer 900 undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS1
SQL > CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS2 DATAFILE '/XXXX.DBF' SIZE 32M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 32M MAXSIZE 10G; --重创建表空间 SQL > SELECT * FROM V$TABLESAPCE SELECT NAME,STATUS FROM V$DATAFILE -- 查询其状态值 SQL > ALTER SYSTEM SET UNDO_TABLESPACE=UNDOTBS2 SCOPE=BOTH -- 通过show parameter undo 查看是否使用。
3 此时，数据库可以open起来， 但是通过client ,或者其他用户连接时，报错：
报错二 SQL> conn input/INPUT ERROR: ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1 ORA-00376: file 3 cannot be read at this time ORA-01110: data file 3: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/undotbs01.dbf' ORA-02002: error while writing to audit trail ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1 ORA-00376: file 3 cannot be read at this time ORA-01110: data file 3: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/undotbs01.dbf'
4 根据报错，发现不仅仅是 undotbs1数据文件有问题，还有开启了审计 audit: 如是
先关闭审计 SQL > SHOW PARAMETER AUDIT NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ audit_file_dest string /u01/app/oracle/admin/gtadata1 3/adump audit_sys_operations boolean FALSE audit_syslog_level string audit_trail string DB
SQL > alter system set audit_trail=none scope=spfile -- 设置后需要重启库。 --具体见审计
5 再通过对undotbs1数据文件操作，使其offline 处理（看行否）
SQL > alter database datafile 3 offline drop ;
6 通过 v$logfile,dba_tablespaces, dba_data_files 查看数据表空间，数据文件的状态：
SQL> select tablespace_name,file_id,file_name from dba_data_files; TABLESPACE_NAME FILE_ID FILE_NAME ------- ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------- USERS 4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/users01.dbf UNDOTBS1 3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/undotbs01.dbf SQL> select status,tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces; STATUS TABLESPACE_NAME --------- ------------------------------ ONLINE SYSTEM ONLINE SYSAUX ONLINE UNDOTBS1
7 此时发现undotbs1 数据文件还在，同时undotbs1 表空online
如是操作：
报错三 SQL> alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 offline; alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 offline * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01191: file 3 is already offline - cannot do a normal offline ORA-01110: data file 3: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtada |