3.1 oracle 存储过程的基本语法
3.1.1 基本结构
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE 存储过程名字
(
参数1 IN NUMBER,
参数2 IN NUMBER
) IS
变量1 INTEGER :=0;
变量2 DATE;
BEGIN
END 存储过程名字
3.1.2 SELECT INTO STATEMENT
将select查询的结果存入到变量中，可以同时将多个列存储多个变量中，必须有一条记录，否则抛出异常(如果没有记录抛出NO_DATA_FOUND)
例子：
BEGIN
SELECT col1,col2 into 变量1,变量2 FROM typestruct where xxx;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
xxxx;
END;
...
3.1.3 IF 判断
IF V_TEST=1 THEN
BEGIN
do something
END;
END IF;
3.1.4 while 循环
WHILE V_TEST=1 LOOP
BEGIN
XXXX
END;
END LOOP;
3.1.5 变量赋值
V_TEST := 123;
3.1.6 用for in 使用cursor
...
IS
CURSOR cur IS SELECT * FROM xxx;
BEGIN
FOR cur_result in cur LOOP
BEGIN
V_SUM :=cur_result.列名1+cur_result.列名2
END;
END LOOP;
END;
3.1.7 带参数的cursor
CURSOR C_USER(C_ID NUMBER) IS SELECT NAME FROM USER WHERE TYPEID=C_ID;
OPEN C_USER(变量值);
LOOP
FETCH C_USER INTO V_NAME;
EXIT FETCH C_USER%NOTFOUND;
do something
END LOOP;
CLOSE C_USER;
3.2 过程返回记录集：
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE pkg_test
AS
TYPE myrctype IS REF CURSOR;
PROCEDURE get (p_id NUMBER, p_rc OUT myrctype);
END pkg_test;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY pkg_test
AS
PROCEDURE get (p_id NUMBER, p_rc OUT myrctype)
IS
sqlstr VARCHAR2 (500);
BEGIN
IF p_id = 0 THEN
OPEN p_rc FOR
SELECT ID, NAME, sex, address, postcode, birthday
FROM student;
ELSE
sqlstr :=
'select id,name,sex,address,postcode,birthday
from student where id=:w_id';
OPEN p_rc FOR sqlstr USING p_id;
END IF;
END get;
END pkg_test;
/
3.3 函数返回记录集:
建立带ref cursor定义的包和包体及函数：
CREATE OR REPLACE
package pkg_test as
/* 定义ref cursor类型
不加return类型，为弱类型，允许动态sql查询，
否则为强类型，无法使用动态sql查询;
*/
type myrctype is ref cursor;
--函数申明
function get(intID number) return myrctype;
end pkg_test;
/
CREATE OR REPLACE
package body pkg_test as
--函数体
function get(intID number) return myrctype is
rc myrctype; --定义ref cursor变量
sqlstr varchar2(500);
begin
if intID=0 then
--静态测试，直接用select语句直接返回结果
open rc for select id,name,sex,address,postcode,birthday from student;
else
--动态sql赋值，用:w_id来申明该变量从外部获得
sqlstr := 'select id,name,sex,address,postcode,birthday from
student where id=:w_id';
--动态测试，用sqlstr字符串返回结果，用using关键词传递参数
open rc for sqlstr using intid;
end if;
return rc;
end get;
end pkg_test;
oracle存储过程的常用语法create or replace procedure sp_test
(
aa in varchar,
bb in number default 0
) is
v_pos varchar(50);
v_num number;
begin
---字符串查找和替换
select SUBSTR(PARAMETER, 1, INSTR(PARAMETER,branchId)-2) ||
SUBSTR(PARAMETER, INSTR(PARAMETER,branchId)+length(branchId)) into v_pos from dual;
---循环的使用
loop
if bb is null then ---if 判断
exit; ---退出循环
end if;
if v_num >= bb then
exit;
end if;
v_num := v_num +1;
end loop;
---输出信息
dbms_output.put_line('aaaaa');
..
commit;
exception
when NO_DATA_FOUND then --没有记录的异常
dbms_output.put_line('ddddd');
when others then
begin
--输出错误信息
dbms_output.put_line(sqlerrm);
rollback;
---抛出异常
raise;
end;
end sp_test;
3.4 创建表：
CREATE TABLE "QJFUND"."TEST1"
( "TESTID" VARCHAR2(80 BYTE),
"NAME" VARCHAR2(20 BYTE),
"PASSWORD" VARCHAR2(20 BYTE)
)
3.5 创建存储过程：
(a)无返回值的存储过程：
create or replace PROCEDURE TESTA(PARA1 IN VARCHAR2) AS --PARA1为输入参数
BEGIN
update Test1 set testid = para1;
END TESTA;
(b)有返回值的存储过程：
create or replace PACKAGE pkg_test --本例中包名为pkg_test
AS
TYPE myrctype IS REF CURSOR;
PROCEDURE get (p_id NUMBER, p_rc OUT myrctype); --存储过程名为get，有一输入参数NUMBER，一输出参数myrctype
END pkg_test;
/ --该斜线不可省略，否则有错
create or replace PACKAGE BODY pkg_test
AS
PROCEDURE get (p_id NUMBER, p_rc OUT myrctype)
IS
sqlstr VARCHAR2 (500);
BEGIN
IF p_id = 0 THEN
OPEN p_rc FOR
SELECT *
FROM test1;
ELSE
sqlstr :=
'select