MySQL
数据库乱码-Linux下乱码问题一
乱码问题是很让人抓狂的问题，下面我将记录一下linux下
mysql乱码问题的解决方法。
mysql在linux下乱码问题
一、操作
mysql默认字符集是latin1，但是我们大部分程序使用的字符集是utf8,我们就需要修改mysql的字符集了。
1）查看默认编码
show variables like 'character%'; +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | latin1 | | character_set_connection | latin1 | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | latin1 | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------+
Mysql下默认的编码是latin1
2)查看默认排序方式
show variables like 'collation_%'; +----------------------+-----------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------+-----------------+ | collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci | | collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci | | collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci | +----------------------+-----------------+
3）修改默认字符集
修改文件/etc/my.cnf内容
在[client]下添加如下语句
default-character-set=utf8
在[mysqld]下添加
default-character-set=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' ##设定连接mysql是使用UTF8编码
修改好后，重启mysql服务即可
4）另外一种修改字符编码方法
登录mysql后，输入如下内容
mysql> SET character_set_client = utf8 ; mysql> SET character_set_connection = utf8 ; mysql> SET character_set_database = utf8 ; mysql> SET character_set_results = utf8 ; mysql> SET character_set_server = utf8 ; mysql> SET collation_connection = utf8 ; mysql> SET collation_database = utf8 ; mysql> SET collation_server = utf8 ;
5）重新查看
show variables like 'character%'; +--------------------------+---------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+---------------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir |/usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+---------------------------------+ show variables like 'collation_%'; +----------------------+-----------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------+-----------------+ | collation_connection | utf8_general_ci | | collation_database | utf8_general_ci | | collation_server | utf8_general_ci | +----------------------+-----------------+
6）使用JDBC连接mysql时需要将连接字符串改为如下方式：
jdbc:mysql://localhost/mysql useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
已utf8的方式连接
二、概念
character-set-server/default-character-set：服务器字符集，默认情况下所采用的。
character-set-database：数据库字符集。
character-set-table：数据库表字符集。
character-set-client：客户端的字符集。客户端默认字符集。当客户端向服务器发送请求时，请求以该字符集进行编码。
character-set-results：结果字符集。服务器向客户端返回结果或者信息时，结果以该字符集进行编码。
统一设置字符集编码使用语句：set names utf8
三、导入导出防止乱码
1.导出数据库使用命令（在cm