谈到阻塞，相信大家都不会陌生了。阻塞的应用场景真的多得不要不要的，比如 生产-消费模式，限流统计等等。什么 ArrayBlockingQueue、 LinkedBlockingQueue、DelayQueue 等等，都是阻塞队列的实现啊，多简单！

阻塞，一般有两个特性很亮眼：1. 不耗 CPU 等待；2. 线程安全；

额，要这么说也 OK 的。毕竟，我们遇到的问题，到这里就够解决了。但是有没有想过，这容器的阻塞又是如何实现的呢？

好吧，翻开源码，也很简单了：（比如 ArrayBlockingQueue 的 take、put….）

// ArrayBlockingQueue

/**
 * Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue, waiting
 * for space to become available if the queue is full.
 *
 * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc}
 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
 */
public void put(E e) throws InterruptedException {
    checkNotNull(e);
    final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
    lock.lockInterruptibly();
    try {
        while (count == items.length)
            // 阻塞的点
            notFull.await();
        enqueue(e);
    } finally {
        lock.unlock();
    }
}

/**
 * Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue, waiting
 * up to the specified wait time for space to become available if
 * the queue is full.
 *
 * @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc}
 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
 */
public boolean offer(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
    throws InterruptedException {

    checkNotNull(e);
    long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout);
    final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
    lock.lockInterruptibly();
    try {
        while (count == items.length) {
            if (nanos <= 0)
                return false;
            // 阻塞的点
            nanos = notFull.awaitNanos(nanos);
        }
        enqueue(e);
        return true;
    } finally {
        lock.unlock();
    }
}

public E take() throws InterruptedException {
    final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
    lock.lockInterruptibly();
    try {
        while (count == 0)
            // 阻塞的点
            notEmpty.await();
        return dequeue();
    } finally {
        lock.unlock();
    }
}

看来，最终都是依赖了 AbstractQueuedSynchronizer 类（著名的AQS）的 await 方法，看起来像那么回事。那么这个同步器的阻塞又是如何实现的呢？

Java的代码总是好跟踪的：

// AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.await()

/**
 * Implements interruptible condition wait.
 * <ol>
 * <li> If current thread is interrupted, throw InterruptedException.
 * <li> Save lock state returned by {@link #getState}.
 * <li> Invoke {@link #release} with saved state as argument,
 *      throwing IllegalMonitorStateException if it fails.
 * <li> Block until signalled or interrupted.
 * <li> Reacquire by invoking specialized version of
 *      {@link #acquire} with saved state as argument.
 * <li> If interrupted while blocked in step 4, throw InterruptedException.
 * </ol>
 */
public final void await() throws InterruptedException {
    if (Thread.interrupted())
        throw new InterruptedException();
    Node node = addConditionWaiter();
    int savedState = fullyRelease(node);
    int interruptMode = 0;
    while (!isOnSyncQueue(node)) {
        // 此处进行真正的阻塞
        LockSupport.park(this);
        if ((interruptMode = checkInterruptWhileWaiting(node)) != 0)
            break;
    }
    if (acquireQueued(node, savedState) && interruptMode != THROW_IE)
        interruptMode = REINTERRUPT;
    if (node.nextWaiter != null) // clean up if cancelled
        unlinkCancelledWaiters();
    if (interruptMode != 0)
        reportInterruptAfterWait(interruptMode);
}

如上，可以看到，真正的阻塞工作又转交给了另一个工具类： LockSupport 的 park 方法了，这回跟锁扯上了关系，看起来已经越来越接近事实了：

// LockSupport.park()