查询表中所有学生的姓名和对应的英语成绩。
select name,english from student;
过滤表中重复的英语数据。
select distinct english from student;
在所有学生总分上加10分特长分。
select name,(chinese+english+math)+10 from student;
统计每个学生的总分。
select name,(chinese+english+math) from student;
使用别名表示学生分数。
select name as 姓名,(chinese+english+math)+10 as 总分 from student;
select name 姓名,(chinese+english+math)+10 总分 from student;
查询姓名为wu的学生成绩
select * from student where name='王五';
查询英语成绩大于90分的同学
select * from student where english>'90';
查询总分大于200分的所有同学
select name from student where (chinese+english+math)>200;
查询英语分数在 80－90之间的同学。
select name from student where english>80 and english<90;
select name from student where english between 80 and 90; == select name from student where english>=80 and english<=90;
查询数学分数为89,90,91的同学。
select * from student where math in(89,90,91);
查询所有姓李的学生成绩。
select * from student where name like '李%';
select * from student where name like '李_';
查询数学分>80，语文分>80的同学。
select * from student where math>80 and chinese>80;
对数学成绩排序后输出。
select name,math from student order by math;
对总分排序后输出，然后再按从高到低的顺序输出
select name 姓名,(chinese+english+math) 总分 from student order by (chinese+english+math) desc;
select name 姓名,(chinese+english+math) 总分 from student order by 总分 desc;
对姓李的学生成绩排序输出
select * from student where name like '李%' order by (chinese+english+math) desc;
统计一个班级共有多少学生？
select count(name) from student;
select count(*) from student;
统计数学成绩大于90的学生有多少个？
select count(*) from student where math>80;
统计总分大于250的人数有多少？
select count(*) from student where (chinese+english+math)>250;
关于 count的函数的细节 （count只统有值的行）
统计一个班级数学总成绩？
select sum(math) from student;
统计一个班级语文、英语、数学各科的总成绩
select sum(chinese),sum(english),sum(math) from student;
统计一个班级语文、英语、数学的成绩总和
select sum(chinese+english+math) from student;
统计一个班级语文成绩平均分
select sum(chinese)/count(*) from student;
统计一个班级语文成绩平均分
select avg(chinese) from student;
求一个班级总分平均分
select avg(chinese+math+english) from student;
求班级最高分和最低分
select max(chinese+math+english),min(chinese+math+english) from student;
对订单表中商品归类后，显示每一类商品的总价
select product,sum(price) from orders group by product;
查询购买了几类商品，并且每类总价大于100的商品
select product from orders group by product having sum(price)>100;
定义主键约束（每一个表必须有一个主键列）
create table student
(
id int primary key,
name varchar(40)
);
定义主键自动增长
create table student
(
id int primary key auto_increment,
name varchar(40)
);
定义唯一约束
drop table student;
create table student
(
id int primary key auto_increment,
name varchar(40) unique
);
定义非空约束
drop table student;
create table student
(
id int primary key auto_increment,
name varchar(40) unique not null
);
定义外键约束
create table husband
(
id int primary key,
name varchar(40)
);
create table wife
(
id int primary key,
name varchar(40),
husband_id int,
constraint husband_id_FK foreign key(husband_id) references husband(id)
);
一对多或多对一的对象存到数据库时，表的设计方案
部门和员工
create table department
(
id int primary key,
name varchar(40)
);
create table employee
(
id int primary key,
name varchar(40),
salary decimal(8,2),
department_id int,
constraint department_id_FK foreign key(department_id) references department(id)
);
多对多对象的表的设计（老师和学生）
create table teacher
(
id int primary key,
name varchar(40),
salary decimal(8,2)
);
create table student
(
id int primary key,
name varchar(40)
);
create table teacher_student
(
teacher_id int,
student_id int,
primary key(teacher_id,student_id),
constraint teacher_id_FK foreign key(teacher