写c++程序时我们经常会把函数的定义写在xxx.h中,把函数的实现写在xxx.cpp, 但是当我们写带模版的函数和类时,这样写
就会出现问题,如下:
stack.h
//stack.h #ifndef STACK_HPP #define STACK_HPP #includestack.cpp#include template > class CStack { public: void push(const T& vValue); void pop(); T top() const; bool empty() const {return m_Container.empty();} private: TContainer m_Container; }; #endif
#include "stack.h" template然后在main函数中测试就会出错:void CStack ::push(const T& vValue) { m_Container.push_back(vValue); } template void CStack ::pop() { if (empty()) throw std::out_of_range("Stack::pop: empty stack\n"); m_Container.pop_back(); } template T CStack ::top() const { if (empty()) throw std::out_of_range("Stack::top: empty Stack\n"); return m_Container.back(); }
#include "stack.h"
int main()
{
stack
IntStack;
....
}
首先定义 stack.hpp,类的定义
#ifndef STACK_HPP #define STACK_HPP #include然后定义stackdef.hpp 来实现模版中定义的函数#include template > class CStack { public: void push(const T& vValue); void pop(); T top() const; bool empty() const {return m_Container.empty();} private: TContainer m_Container; }; #endif
#ifndef STACKDEF_HPP #define STACKDEF_HPP #include "stack.hpp" templatevoid CStack ::push(const T& vValue) { m_Container.push_back(vValue); } template void CStack ::pop() { if (empty()) throw std::out_of_range("Stack::pop: empty stack\n"); m_Container.pop_back(); } template T CStack ::top() const { if (empty()) throw std::out_of_range("Stack::top: empty Stack\n"); return m_Container.back(); } #endif
最后测试
#include "stack_def.hpp"
int main()
{
CStack
IntStack;
IntStack.push(1);
system("pause");
return 0;
}
这样就行了!