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第二章 约束和排序数据
1. 在 emp 表中选择工资介于 1500 到 2500 的员工的信息；
注意：使用 between 下边界 and 上边界时，条件包括边界值；
SCOTT@ORCL>l
1 select * from emp
2* where sal between 1500 and 2500
SCOTT@ORCL>/
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450 10
7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0 30
2. 在emp表中选择位于20,30 部门的员工的信息；
SCOTT@ORCL>select *from emp
2 where deptno in (20,30);
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400 30
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 30
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20
7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0 30
7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 23-MAY-87 1100 20
7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 30
7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20
11 rows selected.
3. 在emp表中选择位于员工的名字中包含大写字符 ‘A’ 的员工的信息；
SCOTT@ORCL>select * from emp
2 where ename like '%A%';
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400 30
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 30
7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450 10
7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 23-MAY-87 1100 20
7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 30
7 rows selected.
注意：如果查询的名字中包含%或者_ ，而且查询的时候又要查询这样的信息，需要用到换位码。
注意：通配符%，表示0或者多个字符一样；通配符_,表示1个字符一样；
3.1 创建与 emp 表结构相同的表；
SCOTT@ORCL>
create table emp_n /* 参照emp表创建新表emp_n */
2 as select * from emp where 1=2; /* 加where 1=2 一致表结构没有数据 */
Table created.
SCOTT@ORCL>select * from emp_n;
no rows selected
3.2 添加包含通配符的测试用数据；
SCOTT@ORCL>insert into emp_n(empno,ename,sal) values(&empno,&ename,&sal);
Enter value for empno: 1001
Enter value for ename: 'whwh%gogo'
Enter value for sal: 1000
old 1: insert into emp_n(empno,ename,sal) values(&empno,&ename,&sal)
new 1: insert into emp_n(empno,ename,sal) values(1001,'whwh%gogo',1000)
1 row created.
SCOTT@ORCL>/
Enter value for empno: 1002
Enter value for ename: '%whwh'
Enter value for sal: 2000
old 1: insert into emp_n(empno,ename,sal) values(&empno,&ename,&sal)
new 1: insert into emp_n(empno,ename,sal) values(1002,'%whwh',2000)
1 row created.
SCOTT@ORCL>/
Enter value for empno: 1003
Enter value for ename: 'whwh_gogo'
Enter value for sal: 3000
old 1: insert into emp_n(empno,ename,sal) values(&empno,&ename,&sal)
new 1: insert into emp_n(empno,ename,sal) values(1003,'whwh_gogo',3000)
1 row created.
SCOTT@ORCL>/
Enter value for empno: 1004
Enter value for ename: '_gogo'
Enter value for sal: 4000
old 1: insert into emp_n(empno,ename,sal) values(&empno,&ename,&sal)
new 1: insert into emp_n(empno,ename,sal) values(1004,'_gogo',4000)
1 row created.
SCOTT@ORCL>commit;
Commit complete.
SCOTT@ORCL>select * from emp_n;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --