举例说明:在判断前2000万数字中素数个数的程序中,如果使用最基本的素数判断代码:
package com;
public class Sus {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
int n = 20000000;
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
int count = 0;
boolean is = false;
for(int i = 2;i <= n;i++){
for(int j = 2; j <= Math.sqrt(i);j++){
if( i % j == 0){
is = true;
break;
}
}
if(!is){
count++;
}
is = false;
}
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("count = "+count);
System.out.println((end-start)+" milliseconds");
}
}
则执行时间为:
count = 1270607
35153 milliseconds
而如果使用BitSet 位图提供的基于“开关”思想的素数判断代码:
package com; import java.util.BitSet; public class Sieve { public static void main(String[] args){ int n = 20000000; long start = System.currentTimeMillis(); BitSet b = new BitSet(n+1); int count = 0; int i; for(i = 2; i <= n;i++){ b.set(i); } i = 2; while(i*i <=n){ if(b.get(i)){ count++; int k = 2 * i; while(k <= n){ b.clear(k); k +=i; } } i++; } while(i <= n){ if(b.get(i)){ count++; } i++; } long end = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("count = " + count); System.out.println((end-start) +" milliseconds"); } }
则执行时间为:
count = 1270607
248 milliseconds
我们可以看到,同样规模的数据,两者的执行效率差百倍之多,因此在某类可以用开关位判断的程序中,应该尽量使用BitSet。