版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,未经博主允许不得转载。
一. 下载并安装Nginx
我这里选取nginx/Windows-1.10.3版本,下载后解压出来即可,解压出来的路径不能含有中文
我解压后将其放置的路径如下
二、开始运行
在当前目录下按住shift+鼠标右键,选择“在此处打开命令窗口”,然后输入start nginx
此时,就可以进入浏览器输入访问地址,http://127.0.0.1/或者http://localhost/即可访问
三、配置文件讲解
核心配置文件就是nginx.conf,该文件位于conf目录下,大部分情况下我们就是修改该文件的配置
该文件的原始配置如下:
#user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443 ssl; # server_name localhost; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} }
其中#代表注释
nginx我们最主要的作用是拿来做反向代理和负载均衡,这个我后面会着重讲解。同时它还是一个web服务器,与我们常用的Apache、tomcat、IIS一样,也可以用来托管web服务。
本章先暂时介绍下该配置文件中的几个重要参数,后面会对nginx部署php和Python项目再进行着重讲解,至于java的项目通常是tomcat+nginx同时进行配置,nginx用来做负载均衡和处理静态页。
1、定义Nginx运行的用户和用户组
#user nobody;
2、nginx进程数,建议设置为等于CPU总核心数
worker_processes 1;
3、全局错误日志定义类型,[ debug | info | notice | warn | error | crit ]
#error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info;
4、进程文件
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
5、工作模式与连接数上限:worker_connections是单个后台worker process进程的最大并发链接数,并发总数是 worker_processes 和 worker_connections 的乘积, 即 max_clients = worker_processes * worker_connections
events { worker_connections 1024; }
6、http下的一些配置及其意义
include mime.types; #文件扩展名与文件类型映射表 default_type application/octet-stream; #默认文件类型 sendfile on; #开启高效文件传输模式,sendfile指令指定ngin