使用显示的IP, 以及之前配置的私钥就可以直接登录

一个完整的新虚机安装流程

Copy and resize image to 50GB

sudo cp /data/backup/CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud.qcow2c vm_centos7a.qcow2
qemu-img info vm_centos7a.qcow2
sudo qemu-img resize vm_centos7a.qcow2 50G
# double check
qemu-img info vm_centos7a.qcow2

Prepare 2 files

metadata.yaml

instance-id: iid-local02
local-hostname: vm_u2204b

• change instance-id to a different id
• change local-hostname to the virtual machine hostname

user-data.yaml
The following config will

• create default users and
• create a additional sudo user milton
• enable password login

#cloud-config
users:
  - default
  - name: milton
    groups: [sudo]
    sudo: ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL
    shell: /bin/bash
    lock_passwd: false
    plain_text_passwd: ubuntu
chpasswd: 
  expire: False
ssh_pwauth: True

• -default is the default cloud-init users (by default it is user named ubuntu)
• users - name your user name
• users - shell must specified, or no shell presents
• users - lock_passwd set it to false to allow login
• users - plain_text_passwd use this to set the user password
• chpasswd and ssh_pwauth

seed.img

cloud-localds seed.img user-data.yaml metadata.yaml

copy the ubuntu cloud image to vms folder, and resize it to 50GB

cd /vms/
sudo cp /data/backup/ubuntu-22.04-minimal-cloudimg-amd64.img vm_u2204b.img
qemu-img info vm_u2204b.img 
sudo qemu-img resize vm_u2204b.img 50g
# recheck
qemu-img info vm_u2204b.img 

Then start to install

virt-install --name vm_u2204b  --vcpus 2 --memory 4096 --graphics none --import --os-variant ubuntu22.04 --network bridge=br0,model=virtio --disk /vms/vm_u2204b.img --disk /vms/seed.img

参考

• Launching Ubuntu Cloud Images with QEMU https://powersj.io/posts/ubuntu-qemu-cli/
• Cloud-config manual https://cloudinit.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference/modules.html
• Bash script to import a cloud image https://gist.github.com/giovtorres/0049cec554179d96e0a8329930a6d724