我使用的环境是Win7,开始学习PHP和MySQL,并且买了本《Head First PHP & MySQL》,可以从Head First Labs官网获得HeadFirst系列书籍的相关信息和源代码。
1、下载XAMPP开发包
从XAMPP中文官网下载目前比较流行的PHP开发包,XAMPP是完全免费且易于安装的Apache发行版,其中包含MySQL、PHP和Perl。XAMPP适用于Windows、Mac OS X和Linux,XAMPP开放源码包的设置让安装和使用出奇容易。我下载的版本是:xampp-win32-1.8.3-4-VC11-installer.exe
2、开始学习MySQL
有一定的SQL基础后,比如我在以前学校的学习的是Microsoft SQLSever,大部分的SQL基础语句都学过实践过,所以学习MySQL就很顺畅了,毕竟除了特别的不同之处意外基本的概念是一致的。不过相比较其他关系型数据库如Oracle、SQLServer,MySQL算是比较轻量级的数据库引擎了。
学习MySQL最好的方式就是从官网下载MySQL 5.7 Reference Manual,就是英文的最新版MySQL 5.7参考手册,目前我还没找到中文版。另外遇到不会的MySQL问题Google也是不错的学习方式。
学习MySQL的2种方式:
(1)MySQL命令行终端
安装好XAMPP安装包后(当然也可以单独下载安装MySQL安装包),有一个XAMPP Control Panel面板,打开后单击Apace、MySQL的Start按钮启动Apache、MySQL,然后单击最右侧的shell按钮,如下图所示:

在弹出的MySQL shell窗口输入如下的MySQL命令连接到root账户
mysql -uroot -p
如下图:

然后就可以正常使用MySQL数据库了。
下面是我使用的MySQL数据库的过程:
Setting environment for using XAMPP for Windows.
Administrator@CCF-PC d:\programs\xampp
# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: ********
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 17
Server version: 5.6.16 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| 中国 |
| aliendb |
| cdcol |
| elvis_store |
| finanace_project2 |
| malan_lecture |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| php_test |
| phpmyadmin |
| testdemo |
| webauth |
+--------------------+
13 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> USE elvis_store
Database changed
mysql> SHOW TABLES;
+-----------------------+
| Tables_in_elvis_store |
+-----------------------+
| email_list |
+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> DESCRIBE email_list;
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| first_name | varchar(20) | NO | PRI | | |
| last_name | varchar(20) | NO | PRI | | |
| email | varchar(60) | NO | | NULL | |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> ALTER TABLE email_list DROP PRIMARY KEY;
Query OK, 13 rows affected (3.51 sec)
Records: 13 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> DESCRIBE email_list;
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| first_name | varchar(20) | NO | | | |
| last_name | varchar(20) | NO | | | |
| email | varchar(60) | NO | | NULL | |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.03 sec)
mysql> ALTER TABLE email_list ADD id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT FIRST, ADD PRIM
ARY KEY(id);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.64 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> DESCRIBE email_list;
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------