修改mysql的字符集和默认存储引擎
1.修改mysql的字符集
mysql库现有字符集
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec) www.2cto.com
mysql>
mysql的字符集分为几类
A.客户端字符集：通过系统变量”character_set_client“表示，通知server端，客户端提交的sql语句编码格式
B.连接字符集：通过系统变量”character_set_connectiont“表示，server端翻译sql语句时，使用的编码格式
C.结果集字符集：通过系统变量”character_set_results“表示，server端返回结果集之前把结果集转换成的编码格式
D.存储字符集：通过系统变量”character_set_results“和“character_set_server”表示，是数据在存储引擎里编码格式
为了不出现乱码，我们需要统一修改这些参数，比如我要把
数据库的默认字符集改为utf8，如下所示
在[client]下添加如下参数
default-character-set=utf8
default-character-set=utf8
然后重启mysql服务，再查看字符集（要重新登录客户端）
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mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
mysql> show variables like 'collation%';
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql的字符集分的比较细，可以采用默认值，也可以指定值
使用默认字符集的库
mysql> create database db1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show create database db1;
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
| db1 | CREATE DATABASE `db1` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ |
+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
指定字符集的库
mysql> create database db2 default character set latin1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show create database db2;
+----------+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Cr